Green, yellow or black? Genetic differentiation and adaptation signatures in a highly migratory marine turtledoi:10.34691/FK2/RJZUFCRepositorio de datos de investigación de la Universidad de Chile2021-03-301Alvarez-Varas, Rocío; Rojas-Hernández, Noemi; Heidemeyer, Maike; Riginos, Cynthia; Benitez, Hugo; Araya-Donoso, Raul; Resendiz, Eduardo; Lara-Uc, Monica; Godoy, Daniel; Muñoz, Juan Pablo; Alarcon-Ruales, Daniela; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Ortiz-Alvarez, Clara; Mangel, Jeffrey; Vianna, Juliana; Veliz, David, 2021, "Green, yellow or black? Genetic differentiation and adaptation signatures in a highly migratory marine turtle", https://doi.org/10.34691/FK2/RJZUFC, Repositorio de datos de investigación de la Universidad de Chile, V1Green, yellow or black? Genetic differentiation and adaptation signatures in a highly migratory marine turtledoi:10.34691/FK2/RJZUFCAlvarez-Varas, RocíoRojas-Hernández, NoemiHeidemeyer, MaikeRiginos, CynthiaBenitez, HugoAraya-Donoso, RaulResendiz, EduardoLara-Uc, MonicaGodoy, DanielMuñoz, Juan PabloAlarcon-Ruales, DanielaAlfaro-Shigueto, JoannaOrtiz-Alvarez, ClaraMangel, JeffreyVianna, JulianaVeliz, DavidRepositorio de datos de investigación de la Universidad de ChileRocío Alvarez-VarasVeliz, DavidVeliz, David2021-03-30Earth and Environmental SciencesChelonia mydasgenetic structurecandidate genesmelanismEastern Pacificconservation genomicsMarine species may exhibit genetic structure accompanied by phenotypic differentiation related to adaptation despite their high mobility. The genetic differentiation between green turtle (Chelonia mydas) Pacific shape-based morphotypes (south-central/western or yellow turtle and north-central/eastern or black turtle) and the adaptation of the black turtle to environmentally contrasting conditions of the Eastern Pacific region have remained a mystery for decades. Here we addressed both questions using a reduced-representation genome approach (Dartseq; 9,473 neutral SNPs) and identifying candidate outlier loci (67 outlier SNPs) of biological relevance between shape-based morphotypes from eight Pacific foraging grounds (n=158). Our results support genetic divergence between morphotypes, probably arising from strong natal homing behavior. Genes and enriched biological functions linked to thermoregulation, hypoxia, melanism, morphogenesis,osmoregulation, diet and reproduction were found to be outliers for differentiation, providing evidence for adaptation of C. mydas to the eastern Pacific region and suggesting independent evolutionary trajectories of the shape-based morphotypes. Our findings support the evolutionary distinctness of the enigmatic black turtle (north-central/eastern morphotype) and provide a framework for adaptive research and conservation genomics in long-lived and highly mobile vertebrates.SNPs data of Figure 2. Clustering analyses based on the neutral dataset (9,473 SNPs) of Chelonia mydas, including individuals from eight Pacific foraging grounds. a) Principal coordinate analysis-PCoA, b) Discriminant analysis of principal components-DAPC and c) STRUCTURE analysis according to the Pacific shape-based morphotypes at K=2, K=3, and K=4. All analyses favored K=2 represented by both shape-based morphotypes.gl_sin_outliers3_tortugas.strapplication/vnd.pg.format